HANFLY Panda Ring 925 Sterling Silver Fashion Animal Jewelry Adjustable Size (US6)

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Karnetzky, C., Philipp, Z., Christopher, T., Carolina, D.S., Martin, W., Reinhard, K., Alexander, H.: Towards femtosecond on chip electronics based on plasmonic hot electron nano-emitters. Nat. Commun. 9(1), 1–7 (2018) a b c Glatston, A. R. & Gebauer, A. (2021). "People and Red Pandas: the Red Panda's role in economy and culture". In Glatston, A. R. (ed.). Red Panda: Biology and Conservation of the First Panda (Seconded.). London: Academic Press. pp.1–14. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823753-3.00002-8. ISBN 9780128237540. S2CID 243805192. Megha, M.; Christi, S.; Kapoor, M.; Gopal, R. & Solanki, R. (2021). "Photographic evidence of Red Panda Ailurus fulgens Cuvier, 1825 from West Kameng and Shi-Yomi districts of Arunachal Pradesh, India". Journal of Threatened Taxa. 13 (9): 19254–19262. doi: 10.11609/jott.6666.13.9.19254-19262. Roka, B.; Jha, A. K. & Chhetri, D. R. (2021). "A study on plant preferences of Red Panda ( Ailurus fulgens) in the wild habitat: foundation for the conservation of the species". Acta Biologica Sibirica. 7: 425–439. doi: 10.3897/abs.7.e71816. S2CID 244942192. Archived from the original on 28 June 2022 . Retrieved 29 January 2022.

The red panda inhabits Nepal, the states of Sikkim, West Bengal and Arunachal Pradesh in India, Bhutan, southern Tibet, northern Myanmar and China's Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. [1] The global potential habitat of the red panda has been estimated to comprise 47,100km 2 (18,200sqmi) at most; this habitat is located in the temperate climate zone of the Himalayas with a mean annual temperature range of 18–24°C (64–75°F). [33] Throughout this range, it has been recorded at elevations of 2,000–4,300m (6,600–14,100ft). [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] Habitat of the red panda Countrya b Groves, C. (2021). "The taxonomy and phylogeny of Ailurus". In Glatston, A. R. (ed.). Red Panda: Biology and Conservation of the First Panda (Seconded.). London: Academic Press. pp.95–117. ISBN 978-0-12-823753-3.

a b Yonzon, P. B. & Hunter, M. L. Jr. (1991). "Conservation of the Red Panda Ailurus fulgens". Biological Conservation. 57 (1): 1–11. doi: 10.1016/0006-3207(91)90104-H. Wayne, Y., Yuan-Fong, C.C., Jheng, S.C.: Analysis of transmittance properties of surface plasmon modes on periodic solid outline bowtie nanoantenna arrays. Phys Plasmas 20(6), 064503 (2013) Fei, Y.; Hou, R.; Spotila, J. R.; Paladino, F. V.; Qi, D. & Zhang, Z. (2017). "Metabolic rate of the Red Panda, Ailurus fulgens, a dietary bamboo specialist". PLOS ONE. 12 (3): e0173274. Bibcode: 2017PLoSO..1273274F. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173274. PMC 5356995. PMID 28306740.Su, B.; Fu, Y.; Wang, Y.; Jin, L. & Chakraborty, R. (2001). "Genetic diversity and population history of the Red Panda ( Ailurus fulgens) as inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence variations". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 18 (6): 1070–1076. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003878. PMID 11371595. a b Law, C. J.; Slater, G. J. & Mehta, R. S. (2018). "Lineage Diversity and Size Disparity in Musteloidea: Testing Patterns of Adaptive Radiation Using Molecular and Fossil-Based Methods". Systematic Biology. 67 (1): 127–144. doi: 10.1093/sysbio/syx047. PMID 28472434. Hu, Y.; Wu, Q.; Ma, S.; Ma, T.; Shan, L.; Wang, X.; Nie, Y.; Ning, Z.; Yan, L.; Xiu, Y. & Wei, F. (2017). "Comparative genomics reveals convergent evolution between the bamboo-eating giant and red pandas". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (5): 1081–1086. Bibcode: 2017PNAS..114.1081H. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1613870114. PMC 5293045. PMID 28096377.

Later and more advanced ailurids are classified in the subfamily Ailurinae and are known as the "true" red pandas. These animals were smaller and more adapted for an omnivorous or herbivorous diet. The earliest known true panda is Magerictis from the Middle Miocene of Spain and known only from one tooth, a lower second molar. The tooth shows both ancestral and new characteristics having a relatively low and simple crown but also a lengthened crushing surface with developed tooth cusps like later species. [21] Later ailurines include Pristinailurus bristoli which lived in eastern North America from the late Miocene to the Early Pliocene [21] [22] and species of the genus Parailurus which first appear in Early Pliocene Europe, spreading across Eurasia into North America. [21] [23] These animals are classified as a sister taxon to the lineage of the modern red panda. In contrast to the herbivorous modern species, these ancient pandas were likely omnivores, with highly cusped molars and sharp premolars. [21] [22] [24] a b c Dorji, S.; Rajaratnam, R. & Vernes, K. (2012). "The Vulnerable Red Panda Ailurus fulgens in Bhutan: distribution, conservation, status and management recommendations". Oryx. 46 (4): 536–543. doi: 10.1017/S0030605311000780. S2CID 84332758. a b Gebauer, A. (2021). "The early days: maternal behaviour and infant development". In Glatston, A. R. (ed.). Red Panda: Biology and Conservation of the First Panda (Seconded.). London: Academic Press. pp.149–179. ISBN 978-0-12-823753-3. Gaetano, B., Giovanna, C., Ali, E.K., Paolo, B., Vincenzo, P.: Integrated Vivaldi plasmonic antenna for wireless on-chip optical communications. Opt. Express 25(14), 16214–16227 (2017) Kumar, A.; Rai, U.; Roka, B.; Jha, A. K. & Reddy, P. A. (2016). "Genetic assessment of captive red panda ( Ailurus fulgens) population". SpringerPlus. 5 (1): 1750. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3437-1. PMC 5055525. PMID 27795893.The red panda prefers microhabitats within 70–240m (230–790ft) of water sources. [49] [50] [51] [52] Fallen logs and tree stumps are important habitat features, as they facilitate access to bamboo leaves. [53] Red pandas have been recorded to use steep slopes of more than 20° and stumps exceeding a diameter of 30cm (12in). [49] [51] Red pandas observed in Phrumsengla National Park used foremost easterly and southerly slopes with a mean slope of 34° and a canopy cover of 66 per cent that were overgrown with bamboo about 23m (75ft) in height. [50] In Dafengding Nature Reserve, it prefers steep south-facing slopes in winter and inhabits forests with bamboo 1.5–2.5m (4ft 11in– 8ft 2in) tall. [54] In Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve, it inhabits mixed coniferous forest with a dense canopy cover of more than 75 per cent, steep slopes and a density of at least 70 bamboo plants/m 2 (6.5 bamboo plants/sqft). [55] In some parts of China, the red panda coexists with the giant panda. In Fengtongzhai and Yele National Nature Reserves, red panda microhabitat is characterised by steep slopes with lots of bamboo stems, shrubs, fallen logs and stumps, whereas the giant panda prefers gentler slopes with taller but lesser amounts of bamboo and less habitat features overall. Such niche separation lessens competition between the two bamboo-eating species. [49] [53] Behaviour and ecology Red panda sleeping on a tree

a b c d e f Fisher, R. E. (2021). "Red Panda anatomy". In Glatston, A. R. (ed.). Red Panda: Biology and Conservation of the First Panda (Seconded.). London: Academic Press. pp.81–93. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823753-3.00030-2. ISBN 978-0-12-823753-3. S2CID 243824295. a b Hassanin, A.; Veron, G.; Ropiquet, A.; van Vuuren, B. J.; Lécu, A.; Goodman, S. M.; Haider, J.; Nguyen, T. T. (2021). "Evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia, Laurasiatheria) inferred from mitochondrial genomes". PLOS ONE. 16 (2): e0240770. Bibcode: 2021PLoSO..1640770H. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240770. PMC 7886153. PMID 33591975. The family Ailuridae appears to have evolved in Europe in either the Late Oligocene or Early Miocene, about 25to18 million years ago. The earliest member Amphictis is known from its 10cm (4in) skull and may have been around the same size as the modern species. Its dentition consists of sharp premolars and carnassials (P4 and m1) and molars adapted for grinding (M1, M2 and m2), suggesting that it had a generalised carnivorous diet. Its placement within Ailuridae is based on the grooves on the side of its canine teeth. Other early or basal ailurids include Alopecocyon and Simocyon, whose fossils have been found throughout Eurasia and North America dating from the Middle Miocene, the latter of which survived into the Early Pliocene. Both have similar teeth to Amphictis and thus had a similar diet. [19] The puma-sized Simocyon was likely a tree-climber and shared a "false thumb"—an extended wrist bone—with the modern species, suggesting the appendage was an adaptation to arboreal locomotion and not to feed on bamboo. [19] [20]a b Roberts, M. S. & Kessler, D. S. (1979). "Reproduction in Red pandas, Ailurus fulgens (Carnivora: Ailuropodidae)". Journal of Zoology. 188 (2): 235–249. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb03402.x. Shrestha, S.; Lama, S.; Sherpa, A. P.; Ghale, D. & Lama, S. T. (2021). "The endangered Himalayan Red Panda: first photographic evidence from its westernmost distribution range". Journal of Threatened Taxa. 13 (5): 18156–18163. doi: 10.11609/jott.6100.13.5.18156-18163. a b c d e f g h i j k l Roberts, M. S. & Gittleman, J. L. (1984). " Ailurus fulgens" (PDF). Mammalian Species (222): 1–8. doi: 10.2307/3503840. JSTOR 3503840. S2CID 253993605. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 December 2017 . Retrieved 1 December 2017. Triplett, J. K. & Clark, L. G. (2010). "Phylogeny of the temperate bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) with an emphasis on Arundinaria and allies". Systematic Botany. 35 (1): 102–120. doi: 10.1600/036364410790862678. S2CID 85588401. Since 2010, community-based conservation programmes have been initiated in 10 districts in Nepal that aim to help villagers reduce their dependence on natural resources through improved herding and food processing practices and alternative income possibilities. The Nepali government ratified a five-year Red Panda Conservation Action Plan in 2019. [92] From 2016 to 2019, 35ha (86 acres) of high-elevation rangeland in Merak, Bhutan, was restored and fenced in cooperation with 120 herder families to protect the red panda forest habitat and improve communal land. [93] Villagers in Arunachal Pradesh established two community conservation areas to protect the red panda habitat from disturbance and exploitation of forest resources. [45] China has initiated several projects to protect its environment and wildlife, including Grain for Green, The Natural Forest Protection Project and the National Wildlife/Natural Reserve Construction Project. For the last project, the red panda is not listed as a key species for protection but may benefit from the protection of the giant panda and golden snub-nosed monkey, with which it overlaps in range. [94] In captivity Red panda at Symbio Wildlife Park